Ignorance about human sexuality is extremely harmful to children.
Judge Walker’s judgment was based on the facts presented at the trial of California Prop 8, which is the central route of persuasion.
Neinsted sending out 400,000 anti-gay marriage DVDs demonstrated the peripheral route of persuasion, because he presented absolutely no facts to back up his statements. With all respect Benedict XVI continually uses the peripheral route of persuasion regarding his anti-gay teachings, because they are not based on facts.
Gay civil rights will only become a reality when the public is taught the facts about human sexuality and sexual orientation, which is using central route of persuasion. Gay civil rights built on solid facts (rock) will then withstand the shifts politicians in civil elections.
400,000 Anti-gay marriage DVDs - $1 million Nienstedt - Minnesota October 29, 2010 - RELIGION & ETHICS PBS – video
Central Route and Peripheral Route to Persuasion
People may be persuaded in different ways. Petty and Cacioppo (1981) suggested that there are two different ways or routes to persuasion: the central route and the peripheral route.
The Central Route to Persuasion
The central route to persuasion involves being persuaded by the arguments or the content of the message. For example, after hearing a political debate you may decide to vote for a candidate because you found the candidates views and arguments very convincing.
The Peripheral Route to Persuasion
The peripheral route to persuasion involves being persuaded in a manner that is not based on the arguments or the message content. For example, after reading a political debate you may decide to vote for a candidate because you like the sound of the person's voice, or the person went to the same university as you did.
The peripheral route can involve using superficial cues such as the attractiveness of the speaker.
References
Petty, R. E., & Cacioppo, J. T. (1981). Attitudes and
persuasion: Classic and contemporary approaches.
Dubuque, Iowa: Wm. C. Brown Company Publishers.
Tips for the would be persuader
These two routes to persuasion seem to exist as separate entities but Petty and Cacioppo note that they should be considered as poles on a “cognitive processing continuum that shows the degree of mental effort a person exerts when evaluating a message.” There are innumerable factors that may account for the elaboration—or lack thereof—of a message. As such, the steps in the two routes may overlap as they combine with the environmental
factors that the receiver deals with.
However, the two routes are distinct enough that they give a general direction for the communicator to follow in attempting to pass on his message. The central route is the stronger of the two routes. If a message is to persuade using this route, it should be well grounded in facts and attributes of the subject itself. These elements are more trustworthy in the eyes of the receiver and will be the basis for a convincing argument. As such, a message channeled through this route will result in lasting persuasion. There is a danger in attempting to employ the central route. If the subject’s attributes are meaningful but the argument is weak, a boomerang effect will occur, resulting in negative opinions of the subject and message. A boomerang effect will likely occur if the subject’s attributes are weak, even if the argument is strong. In such a case, the communicator should use the peripheral route to persuade the receiver.
When peripheral cues are present, a positive attitude change can occur. This change is likely to be ephemeral, however. For it to become a more lasting change the message should be repeated over a period of time. If there is no peripheral cue, the receiver’s initial attitude (probably a negative one) will be reinforced or altered in the negative direction. The communicator’s choice of routes is one to be made carefully, given the message content and the environment in which the message will be received.
Read more:
B. Modern Persuasion Theory: The Elaboration Likelihood Model (ELM)
1. Credibility of the ELM
"Persuasion is the essence of marketing…"48 and the "Elaboration Likelihood Model of persuasion has emerged in the last decade as a central focus of research on communication and persuasion."49 The ELM is the most comprehensive modern theory of how persuasion works. "For a given topic and setting, the ELM has the benefit of suggesting which kinds of source descriptions would or would not have effects similar to traditional message arguments."50
2. To Think or Not to Think: Elaboration
Petty and Cacioppo theorized a framework for two relatively distinct routes to persuasion (i.e. attitude change) as the central route and the peripheral route.51 These two routes are differentiated by the level of cognitive processing undertaken (i.e. amount of conscious examination or "elaboration" of the message) by a person exposed to persuasive communication. The central route is high level processing "based on a careful and thoughtful assessment… [The low level peripheral route] is based on some cognitive, affective, or behavioral cue."52 As underlying motivations on how each route is used, Petty and Cacioppo list seven postulates in the ELM:
People are motivated to hold correct attitudes.
Although people want to hold correct attitudes, the amount and nature of issue-relevant elaboration in which they are willing or able to engage to evaluate a message vary with individual and situational factors.
Variables can affect the amount and direction of attitude change by…affecting the extent or direction of issue and argument elaboration [i.e. cognitive effort to evaluate].
Variables…[have an affect] by either enhancing or reducing argument scrutiny.
Variables affecting message processing in a relatively biased manner can produce either a positive (favorable) or negative (unfavorable) motivational and/or ability bias to issue-relevant thoughts attempted.
As motivation and/or ability to process arguments is decreased, peripheral cues become relatively more important determinants of persuasion.
Attitude changes that result mostly from processing issue-relevant arguments (central route) will show greater temporal persistence, greater prediction of behavior, and greater resistance to counterpersuasion…53
Although the ELM is often graphically illustrated as two distinct routes, the theory actually describes a continuum bounded on one end by "a person's careful and thoughtful consideration of the merits of the information presented" (the central route) and on the other by no "scrutiny of the central merits of the issue-relevant information presented ([the] peripheral route),"54 but rather a reliance on cues. Persuasive communications can move the recipient to arrive at a similar final attitude by either route or by something in between.55
With the "mindless acceptance"56 of cues at the end of the continuum bounded by the peripheral route, it is put forward that any attitude change achieved via this process is more transitory and subject to counterpersuasion and counterargument. At the opposite end, "attitudes formed or changed via…central route [processes are predicted to be more] persisten[t], [more] resistan[t], and [more] predict[ive] of behavior."57 So, although Petty and Cacioppo believe central route attitude change is "quite desirable, the ELM makes it clear that this is a difficult persuasion strategy."58 And, while they argue that "enhanced thinking produces persistence," they believe that "processing may proceed in either a relatively objective or a relatively biased manner."59
Applied to this discussion of marketing the concept of gay rights, it is noteworthy that "in targeting an attitude for change, the ELM suggests that it is more important to know something about the underlying qualities of the attitude than simply knowing if a person has an attitude or not."60 In short, knowing how to influence attitude is more important than knowing what attitude, opinion, or belief is held.
Read more:
The Psychology of Communication
and Persuasion
PATHS TO
PERSUASION
There are two psychological routes to persuading someone in the courtroom. The first is the central route that takes place when the communicator and the listener are both focused on the same arguments, and the listener responds favorably or unfavorably. The second route is the peripheral route that takes place when people are influenced by incidental cues, such as the communicator’s likeability or credibility, rather than the argument itself.
For the most part, jurors who are motivated to think through an issue will be more persuaded by a direct (central) route that brings out systematic arguments that will in turn stimulate favorable responses. There are many examples around us of persuasion using the central route. For instance, businesses that advertise discount prices and Internet ads that advertise new products to help make work less stressful both appeal to the intellect.
In the courtroom, almost all cases involve issues that require the use of intellect to be able to understand what happened and how a particular party views the remedy(ies) that have been suggested. Jurors who are more intellectually inclined or detail-oriented will be more easily persuaded to connect mentally with central arguments than other jurors.
However, using the central route to persuasion does not necessarily mean that only cognitive faculties are involved. Using the direct approach to making a persuasive argument can also motivate jurors emotionally in a very
powerful way.
Research and experience indicate that the central route to persuasion is more thoughtful and less superficial than the peripheral route. As a result, the central route to persuasion is more long-lasting and more likely to influence the behavioral change intended by the argument.
However, the peripheral route generally causes less conscious opposition because it is a subtle approach to an argument. It is more inferential. The peripheral route is persuasive because listeners are often persuaded to accept someone or something associated with the idea, rather than the idea itself.
The most obvious persuasive examples around us are ads that promote soft drinks and clothing. Billboards and magazine ads imply that if we buy a particular soft drink or brand of clothing, we will be more attractive or happy. If we buy this brand of tennis racket or golf clubs, then our scores will increase.
Read more:
[Unsubstantiated]
RELIGIOUS BELIEFS that gay and lesbian relationships are SINFUL or INFERIOR to heterosexual relationships
HARM
gays and lesbians.
Judge Vaughn Walker Ruling
California Prop 8. August 4, 2010
On Prop 8, it's the evidence, stupid
By Lisa Bloom
CNN.com
and related links:
Clinical Psychology | 2012: Armageddon Or Mass Hysteria?
December 1, 2009
Psychology Online
Throughout history, human beings have been foretelling the end of the world, but nothing out of the ordinary has so far come to pass. So what makes the date December 21, 2012 any different? Controversy continues to build around that date fueled by the one thing that all other similar occurrences appear to have in common, fear, a necessary component in mass hysteria. According to the American Heritage Medical Dictionary, mass hysteria is defined as “a socially contagious frenzy of irrational behavior in a group of people as a reaction to an event.”
The operative word is “irrational” as proven by previous events in history such as the unrivaled hysteria that claimed innocent lives at the hands of supposedly educated men during the Salem Witch hunts. There was also the too-realistic radio broadcast of an adaptation of H.G. Well’s “War of the Worlds” where listening audiences actually believed that their country was being attacked by aliens, and more recently, the Y2K scare that had the entire world waiting breathlessly for the computer crash that never came.
Hate Crime Bill vs Attacks
But No Facts -> Fear And Ignorance = LUKEWARM
Of The Blind Leading The Blind
October 27, 2009
Fr. Marty Kurylowicz
Thalamus Center
The bible in fact does not condemn Galileo or homosexuality, which science reveals that are normal elements of nature and human sexuality.
People for whatever reason seem to be using the bible to hide from their own personal sexual issues. This is a sacrilege! It is a total disrespect for the bible to be used to hide and harm innocent people, most especially children. These people do not check out the facts about the bible and science on homosexuality, because in truth they do not want to know the truth. Even in discourse with people who believe that homosexuality is evil because they say the bible states it to be, as with Galileo, they are not interested in a discussion, they do not want to hear the truth. They only want to discredit the truth, in every conceivable way, by whatever means available to them. They are likely doing what they have been doing all their lives regarding their personal fears about the truth of their sexuality. There is nothing to be gain to be in discourse with such people. In fact, they should be avoided, because they are harmful. Because no matter what they say or how violently they say it, it will not cause the sun to revolve around the earth or for homosexuality to be evil. Photo NASA
ATTACKS and absolutely no FACTS
from the bible or science
It is a waste of time for you and for them, besides being seriously harmed by their "unchecked meanest" towards others. If and when they do their homework and truly study both the bible and the science regarding homosexuality and human sexuality then there could be a productive discourse. Otherwise, there are no discussions with them; only continuous personal attacks on the person who opposes them that are fierce, cruel and hurtful. Likely, in the way they treat themselves, which may have started when they were treated in such fashion, in their past.
Even Jesus advised leaving them because, as he said, "they are the blind leading the blind" Matthew 15:14. And it is these people who are worried that their freedom of speech will be curtailed, by the new additions to the Hate-Crime Bill. It is only their ability to remain in darkness that is being curtailed, which is greatly more fearful to them, than their concerns about their freedom of speech. They have attacks but absolutely no facts, all motivated by fear and a self-imposed ignorance of the facts. This is the same for Benedict XVI and his hierarchy you never hear any stated facts regarding human sexuality. None!!! They offer absolutely "no" discussion or classes on the topic of human sexuality. None!!! They offer no detailed documentation regarding human sexuality from the bible or science. None!!! Because they know only too well that it would not be approved by scripture scholars or by any scientific studies. Where is the truth, not to mention the LOVE? Photo
Their attacks are likely meant to be distractions to stay off the issue, because any attempts to keep them on the issue are met with fiercer and even more vicious attacks, but no facts, like an obsession. They seem to be like a child throwing a hysterical tantrum, however, unlike a child, they are able to cause serious harm to innocent people. It is this violence that the Hate-Crime Bill is designed to protect people from.
It is the intensity of their forcefulness to attack others without any substantiated facts to support their position that draws public attention to question their sexuality. It is like so many public figures who so forcefully have spoken out against homosexuality and then are found in "public restrooms" engaging in homosexual acts. Today, not only are more people "coming out" of the "closet" but there is an enormous ever growing number of Allies supporting LGBT people and their civil rights. It is the continuos education on human sexuality that keeps this number growing strong. However, it is also becoming more noticeable when someone protest too much against homosexuals with the absence of factural data to support the protesting that catches peoples attention and causes people to wonder, why? What causes this person to protest so strongly, because no valid facts are given?
What should be top priority is the life harm that is caused to children, who grow up LGBT and sadly it is not even considered of any importance. The Bible is about Love the purest form of Love known. The Bible is not about permission to hate, to remain blind or to harm people, especially very young children.
Related links:
GAY TEENAGE SUICIDE
Roman Catholic - hierarchy child sexual abuse “cover-ups”
ordered by Benedict XVI
to avoid public outrage & criminal charges
falsely accused gay priests - WATERGATE?
December 17, 2009 -
by Fr. Marty Kurylowicz
Thalamus Center
The following statements are harsh statements, but unfortunately they are heavily documented. (1) Benedict XVI and his hierarchy failed to protect children from child sexual abuse for decades. (2) They mistreated and intimidated the victims and their families who came to report the child sexual abuse, in order to cover up publicity of any child sexual abuse. (3) They failed to protect children by repeatedly reassigning the child sexual abusers to assignments where children would be present. (4) When the hierarchy’s criminal negligence failing to protect children became public, globally, in 2002 they shifted the blame wrongfully onto gay priests.
Read complete report:
Child Protection Service of the Archdiocese of Dublin http://www.justice.ie/en/JELR/Pages/PB09000504
(5) By falsely, against known research to the contrary, blaming gay priests they implicated the entire LGBT community and how they are fighting against Marriage Equality. When the scientific facts known for decades about human sexuality have been discounted with no substantiated facts given to explain why, it causes many questions whether Benedict XVI and the hierarchy’s fight against Marriage Equality is more a fight to maintained the cover-up of the hierarchy’s criminal negligence failing to protect children? Benedict XVI and his hierarchy need to clearly offer substantiated reasons why they are against Marriage Equality. This statement needs to be spelled out in great detail and follow Pope John Paul II’s test of truth of not separating science and religion.
(6) Benedict XVI and the hierarchy’s continuous public propaganda against homosexuality encourages public intolerance towards LGBTQ&I adults and children. They continue to do this even though this summer 2 major Christian denominations approved LGBT singled and partnered people for all forms of ordained ministries. (7) Benedict XVI and the hierarchy’s continuous promulgation of the Vatican’s unsubstantiated antigay teachings that are harmful to children in their early childhood psychological developmental years, harm that is crippling throughout their lives. They have continued this even after the beginning of the year, 2009, the Family Acceptance Project research studies had shown the negative effects caused to youths, when their sexual orientation is not accepted, having health problems, suicidal ideation, etc. They ignore all the major medical, psychiatric, psychological and social workers national and international professional associations regarding their findings regarding human sexuality and sexual orientation. WHEN DO WE START PROTECTING CHILDREN?!?!
Written by Fr. Marty Kurylowicz
400,000 Anti-gay marriage DVDs - $1 million Nienstedt
“Minnesota Bishops on Gay Marriage” - October 29, 2010
RELIGION & ETHICS NEWSWEEKLY PBS – video
Sexual orientation
- Internalized Homophobia -
“Auschwitz – Benedict XVI - Christmas 2008 -A flashback far more severe than in Brokeback Mountain”
GAY TEENAGE SUICIDE
Fr. Marty Kurylowicz
Nothing in life is more precious than the intimate relationships we have with love ones. Healthy love relationships delight us give us confidence to take on challenges and support us in difficult times. Photo
Gay marriage -> Restoring
"Hope of Love"
To Children In Early Childhood -> Marriage Equality
March 23, 2010 – by Fr. Marty Kurylowicz
Marriage Equality, like Galileo, is the truth about the facts of growing up gay. Marriage Equality will not become a reality until people learn that its most vital purpose is that it restores the “hope of love” to children in early childhood – essential to their development and well-being for life. Without Marriage Equality we teach children how to hate love and how to be mean and indifferent to people as adults. With all due respect, without Marriage Equality we would teach them in much the same way as has been shown by Benedict XVI and the hierarchy, especially in their lack of care and protection of children for decades.
To the world, it seemed as if Ricky Martin was living la vida loca. Inside, the Grammy winner says he was really living a lie. The declaration of truth that changed his life forever.
Read more/view video:
Ricky Martin Opens Up About Family Life, Coming Out:
"I Couldn't Take It Anymore"
November 2, 2010 – E! Online
Speaking To Oprah Winfrey, Ricky Martin Says
He's Stopped Pretending,
November 2, 2010 - ON TOP MAGAZINE
Speaking Tuesday on the Oprah Winfrey Show, singer Ricky Martin said he's stopped pretending to be somebody else.
The thirty-eight-year-old Martin, father of twin boys Valentino and Matteo, came out gay on a blog post at this official website in March, but has not spoken publicly about his decision until now.
Martin told his host that denying his sexuality had become too burdensome.
“I couldn't take it anymore, Oprah,” he said. “It was too painful.”
The gay dad said holding his twins sons in his arms gave him the courage to come out of the closet.
Read more/view video:
Galileo
facing the Roman Inquisition - Read more
Biblical quotes used to Condemn Galileo
Ecclesiastes 1:5 (New International Version)
5 The sun rises and the sun sets, and hurries back to where it rises.
Ecclesiastes 1:5 (New American Standard Bible)
5 Also, the sun rises and the sun sets; And hastening to its place it rises there again.
1 Chronicles 16:30 (New International Version)
30 Tremble before him, all the earth!
The world is firmly established; it cannot be moved.
1 Chronicles 16:30 (New American Standard Bible)
30 Tremble before Him, all the earth; Indeed, the world is firmly established, it will not be moved.
Psalm 93:1 (New International Version)
1 The LORD reigns, he is robed in majesty;
the LORD is robed in majesty
and is armed with strength. The world is firmly established; it cannot be moved.
Psalm 93:1 (New American Standard Bible)
1 The LORD reigns, He is clothed with majesty; The LORD has clothed and girded Himself with strength; Indeed, the world is firmly established, it will not be moved.
Psalm 96:10 (New International Version)
10 Say among the nations, "The LORD reigns."
The world is firmly established, it cannot be moved;
he will judge the peoples with equity.
Psalm 96:10 (New American Standard Bible)
10 Say among the nations, "The LORD reigns; Indeed, the world is firmly established, it will not be moved; He will judge the peoples with equity."
Psalm 104:5 (New International Version)
5 He set the earth on its foundations; it can never be moved.
Psalm 104:5 (New American Standard Bible)
5 He established the earth upon its foundations, So that it will not totter forever and ever.
Read more:
“Someday, maybe,
there will exist
a
well-informed,
well considered and
yet
fervent public conviction
that the most deadly
of
all possible
sins
is the mutilation
of
a child’s spirit.”
…whoever causes one of these little ones who believe in Me to stumble, it would be better for him to have a heavy millstone hung around his neck, and to be drowned in the depth of the sea. Photo
Matthew 18:6
Protect children and the entire world will be safe.
Important note: No disrespect meant to Pope Benedict XVI or the hierarchy, the one and only concern is the safety and well-being of children.
Kids Are Being Hurt!!!
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